产品介绍

基本参数:DSQC639 3HACO25097-001/13 ABB  计算机控制机组模块

计算机系统由**“硬件”和“软件”两部分组成**。

硬件是指看得见摸得着的各种电子元器件。如主机、键盘、鼠标等。

软件毛不见摸不着，但在逻辑上，我们确实可以感和到它的存在，它由人们事先编制的具有某种功能的程序组成。比如操作系统、编程语言等。计算机的软件通常又分为:系统软件和应用软件。

系统软件:又称为系统程序，主要用来管理整个计算机系统，监视服务，使系统资源得到合理调度。它包括:操作系统、语言处理程序、数据库管理系统、网络软件、服务程序等。

应用软件:又称为应用程序，它是用户根据需要事先编制的程序。比如QQ、微信等。1.2计算机的分类

计算机的种类很多，从不同的角度看，有不同的分类。

1.按照计算机的处理信息的方式，可以分为数字计算机和模拟计算机。

数字计算机:通过信号的两种不同状态(1和0)来表示信息，可以方便地对数字信号进行算术和逻辑运算，具有速度快、精度高、便于存储等优点。通常讲的计算机一般是指数字计算机。

模拟计算机:一般只能处理模拟信号，如连续变化地电压、电流和温度等。这类计算机应用邻域有限，通用性不强。1.按照计算机通用性地差异，计算机可以分为专用计算机和通用计算机。

专用计算机:专门为某一问题而设计的计算机。功翰比较单一，对应用环境坨适应性很差。例做计算导郸单道的专用计算机。

通用计算机:各行业和各种环境都能徳用的计算机，一般具有较高的运算速度、较大的内存容量。我们平常使用的个人台式计算机都属于通用计算机。

1.按照计算机系统的规模和处理能力，通用计算机可以分为以下几类:微型机

小型机大型机超级计算机

计算机的诞生与发展2.1冯·诺依曼体系

19454年，被称为“计算机之父”的美籍匈牙利科学家冯·诺依曼在研究EDVAC时提出了“存储程序”的概念。以此概念为基础的各类计算机称为冯·诺依曼机。它的特点可以归驶口下:

计算机的结构应由五大部分组成:运算器、控制器、存储器、输入设备、输出设备。指令和数据以同等地位存放在存储器内，并可按地址寻访。

指令和数据均用二进制数表示。

指令由操作码和地址码组成，操作码用来表示操作码的性质，地址码用来表示操作数在存储器中的位置。指令在存储器内按顺京存放

Product introduction

Basic parameters :DSQC639 3HACO25097-001/13 ABB computer control unit module

A computer system consists of two parts: hardware and software.

Hardware refers to the various electronic components that can be seen and touched. Such as host, keyboard, mouse, etc.

Software is invisible, but logically we can feel its existence, it is composed of people in advance to have a certain function of the program. Such as operating systems, programming languages, etc. Computer software is usually divided into system software and application software.

System software: also known as system program, mainly used to manage the entire computer system, monitor services, so that system resources are reasonably scheduled. It includes: operating system, language processing program, database management system, network software, service program, etc.

Application software: also known as application program, it is the user according to the needs of the program prepared in advance. Such as QQ, wechat and so on. 1.2 Classification of computers

There are many kinds of computers, and from different perspectives, there are different classifications.

1. According to the way computers process information, they can be divided into digital computers and analog computers.

Digital computer: through two different states of the signal (1 and 0) to represent the information, you can easily perform arithmetic and logic operations on the digital signal, with the advantages of fast speed, high precision, easy storage and so on. Generally speaking, the computer is generally an exponential computer.

Analog computer: Generally can only process analog signals, such as continuously changing voltage, current and temperature. The application area of this kind of computer is limited, and the universality is not strong. 1. According to the differences in the universality of computers, computers can be divided into special computers and general computers.

Dedicated computer: A computer designed specifically for a particular problem. Gong Han is relatively simple, and the adaptability to the application environment is very poor. An example of a calculation guide to a single special computer.

General-purpose computer: a computer that can be used in various industries and environments, generally having high computing speed and large memory capacity. The personal desktop computers we use are all general-purpose computers.

1. According to the scale and processing power of the computer system, general-purpose computers can be divided into the following categories: microcomputers

Minicomputer mainframe supercomputer

The birth and development of computers 2.1 Von Neumann System

In 19454, the Hungarian-American scientist von Neumann, known as the "father of the computer", proposed the concept of "stored program" while studying the EDVAC. The various types of computers based on this concept are called von Neumann machines. Its characteristics can be returned to the port under:

The structure of the computer should be composed of five parts: arithmetic, controller, memory, input device, output device. Instructions and data are stored in memory on an equal footing and can be accessed by address.

Instructions and data are represented in binary numbers.

The instruction is composed of an opcode and an address code, the opcode is used to represent the properties of the opcode, and the address code is used to represent the location of the operand in the memory. Instructions are stored in the memory as sequential

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